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KMID : 1030220200210020069
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Journal of Korean Diabetes
2020 Volume.21 No. 2 p.69 ~ p.74
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Diagnosis and Glycemic Control
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Oh Tae-Jung
Jang Hak-Chul
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Abstract
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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major medical complication of pregnancy, and it is related with poor perinatal outcomes and long-term risk of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, adequate diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve pregnancy outcome. Both one-step, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and two-step, 50- and 100-g OGTTs can be used for diagnosing GDM. The cut-off points of 100-g OGTT are used for the criteria of Carpenter-Coustan. The incidence of GDM can be increased about 2 to 3 times using the one-step method compared to the two-step approach. The mainstay of treatment is composed of life-style management, including exercise and medical nutritional therapy, and insulin therapy. Considering the Korean health-care system, oral hypoglycemic agents cannot be the firstline choice, and intensification of insulin treatment depends on patient self-monitoring of blood glucose. Furthermore, all treatments should be tailored to patient condition.
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KEYWORD
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Diagnosis, Gestational diabetes mellitus, Glycemic control, Oral glucose tolerance test
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